TOPIK II · Level 4
TOPIK 4 grammar
Every point on this level, in the order most textbooks introduce them. Titles turn into links as each entry is written.
- -(으)ㄴ 나머지so much so that
- -(으)ㅁ에 따라in accordance with
- -에 따르면according to
- -(으)로 인해due to
- -(으)ㄴ/는 법이다it is natural that
- 치고considering, for a
- 치고는for a, considering that
- -기 마련이다is bound to
- -(으)ㄹ 법하다seems likely, plausible
- -(으)ㅁ에도 불구하고in spite of
- -기에because, given that
- -느니rather than
- -(으)ㄹ 지경이다be on the verge of
- -에 불과하다be nothing more than
- -(으)ㄹ 따름이다can only, merely
- -(으)ㄴ/는 가운데in the midst of
- -(으)ㅁ으로써by means of
- -에 의해by, through
- -(으)ㄹ뿐더러not only that, but also
- -고자in order to (formal)
- -기 십상이다be likely to end up
- -다시피as you know, as you see
- -는 통에because of the commotion of
- -기에 망정이지it is a good thing that
- -(으)ㄴ/는 이상now that, as long as
- -(으)ㄹ 마당에at a point where
- -(으)ㄴ/는 셈치고supposing that
- -을/를 막론하고regardless of
- -(으)ㄴ/는 바the fact that, as
- -(으)ㄹ 리 만무하다there is no chance that
- -는 수밖에 없다have no choice but to
- -기 나름이다depends on how
- -(으)ㄹ 겸and also, for the purpose of
- -(으)ㄴ/는 한편meanwhile, on one hand
- -(으)ㄹ까 말까 하다be in two minds about
- -(으)ㄹ 게 아니라rather than doing that
- -기는 하다do indeed, admittedly
- -기 일쑤이다be apt to, all too often
- -거니와not only that, and besides
- -(으)려니와not only, but also
- -(으)ㄹ 노릇이다it is a matter of
- -았/었더라면if only I had
- -에 달려 있다depend on
- -을/를 비롯하여including, starting with
- -(으)ㅁ에 틀림없다must be, without doubt
- -(으)ㄹ 만도 하다no wonder that
- -(으)ㄴ/는 데 반해in contrast to
- -고서야only after, not until
- -아/어다가do and then bring it to
- -(으)ㄴ/는가 하면on one hand, on the other
- -기가 무섭게the moment that
- -(으)ㄴ/는 듯이as if, as though
- -(으)ㄹ 나위가 없다there is no need to
- -(으)ㄴ/는 둥 마는 둥half-heartedly, barely
- -기에 앞서prior to
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