TOPIK II · Level 5

-(으)나 마나

no point doing it — the answer is the same

Whether you do it or not makes no difference, so the outcome is already known. Built from the verb paired against 말다, like several other doubled forms.

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    +-(으)나 마나

    stemending

    When to use it

    Vowel stems take -나 마나, consonant stems -으나 마나, and a ㄹ stem adds nothing: 만들나 마나 is wrong — the ㄹ drops, giving 만드나 마나.

    The second clause states the outcome you already know: 보나 마나 또 늦을 거예요 — no need to look, he’ll be late again.

    A handful of verbs carry most of the usage: 보나 마나, 물어보나 마나, 가나 마나, 해 보나 마나. 보나 마나 has hardened into something close to an adverb meaning “obviously.”

    The tone is confident and slightly dismissive, and it belongs to speech.

    How to attach it

    Stem typeFormExample
    Ends in a vowel-나 마나보다 → 나 마나
    Ends in a consonant-으나 마나먹다 → 으나 마나
    Ends in ㄹㄹ drops만들다 → 만드나 마나
    Near-adverb보나 마나obviously, no need to check
    Second clausethe known outcome또 늦을 거예요
    Never takes tenseplain stem only봤으나 마나 is wrong

    In use

    1. 보나 마나 또 늦을 거예요.

      No need to look — he’ll be late again.

    2. 물어보나 마나 안 된다고 할 겁니다.

      There’s no point asking; the answer will be no.

    3. 가나 마나 문은 닫혀 있을 텐데요.

      Going there is pointless — it’ll be closed.

    4. 이런 식으로는 해 보나 마나입니다.

      Doing it this way, there’s no point even trying.

    5. 직접 만드나 마나 결과는 비슷할 거예요.

      Making it yourself or not, the result will be much the same.

    6. 먹으나 마나 배가 찰 것 같지 않다.

      Eating it won’t fill me up either way.

    Compared with

    • -아/어 봤자

      Very close. 봤자 says the attempt will be futile; -(으)나 마나 says the outcome is known in advance either way.

      해 봤자 소용없어요. (won’t help)  /  보나 마나 늦을 거예요. (obviously late)

    • -(으)ㄹ락 말락 하다

      Same 말다 pairing, different job. 락 말락 is a thing hovering at a threshold; 나 마나 is an outcome that doesn’t depend on the action.

      닿을락 말락 했다. (almost touching)  /  보나 마나 늦는다. (bound to be late)

    • -(으)ㄹ 리가 없다

      리가 없다 denies a possibility outright; 나 마나 says checking would tell you nothing new.

      올 리가 없어요. (he won’t come)  /  보나 마나 안 올 거예요. (no need to look — he won’t)

    Watch out

    • 직접 만들나 마나 결과는 비슷해요.

      직접 만드나 마나 결과는 비슷해요.

      Stems ending in ㄹ drop it before -나, as they do before -는 and -느니.

    • 어제 봤으나 마나 늦었어요.

      보나 마나 또 늦을 거예요.

      The ending never carries tense, and it predicts an outcome rather than reporting a past one.

    • 보나 마나 결과가 궁금합니다.

      보나 마나 결과는 뻔합니다.

      The second clause states an outcome you already know. Curiosity contradicts the whole point.

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